Operators in Python

Operators

Operators are the symbols which perform the operation on some values. These values are known as operands. For example if we write a + b, the operator + acts on the two operand a and b, this is called binary operator. If an operator acts on a single operand then it is called unary operator.

Example:-

-a                            Unary Minus operator

+a                           Unary Plus Operator

a + b                      Binary Operator

Operators are divided into eight parts:

• Unary Operator
• Arithmetic Operator
• Assignment Operator
• Relational Operator
• Logical Operator
• Identity Operator
• Membership Operator
• Bitwise Operator

Unary Operator

When an operator acts on a single variable then it is called Unary operator.

There are two types of unary operator:

Unary Plus Operator

Unary Minus Operator

Example:-

x = 10

a = x

b = -x

print(“The value of a is: “,a)

print(“The value of b is: “,b)

Output:-

The value of a is: 10

The value of b is: -10

Arithmetic Operator

These operators are used to perform arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, etc.

Since this operator works on two operand it is called binary operator. There are seven arithmetic operators in python:

Operator	Meaning	Example	Result
+	Addition	10 + 2	12
–	Subtraction	12 – 2	10
*	Multiplication	10 * 2	20
/	Division	10 / 2	5
%	Remainder	13 % 2	1
**	Exponential	10 **2	100
//	Quotient	13 // 2	6

Relational Operator

This operator is also known as comparison operator because it compares two values and returns the Boolean value i.e. either ‘True’ or ‘False’.

The value of x is 10 and y is 9

Operator	Meaning	Example	Result
>	Greater than	x > y	True
<	Less than	x < y	False
>=	Greater than equal to	x >= y	True
<=	Less than equal to	x <= y	False
==	Equal to	x == y	False
!=	Not equal to	x != y	True

Assignment Operator

Assignment operator is used to assign values in the variable or operand. Assignment operator is also used perform simple arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc.

The value of x is 10 and y is 9

Operator	Meaning	Example	Result
=	Assignment Operator	x=y	x=3
+=	Assignment plus operator	x+=y	x = x + y x = 19
-=	Assignment minus operator	x-=y	x = 1
*=	Multiplication assignment operator	x*=y	x = 90

Logical Operator

Logical operator is used to check two or more than two conditions. The logical operator also returns the Boolean result either true or false.

The value of x is 10 and y is 9

Operator	Meaning	Example	Result
AND	It returns true if two or more conditions are true	x=10 and y=9	True
OR	It returns true if any two or more conditions are true	x=10 or y=19	True
NOT	Returns true if operand is false	Not x=10	False

Identity Operator

Identity operators are used to compare the objects with the same memory location.

The value of x is 9 and y is 9.0

Operator	Meaning	Example	Result
is	Returns true if both variables are the same object	x is y	False
Is not	Returns true if both variables are not the same object	x is not y	True

Membership Operator

Membership Operators are the operators, which are used to check whether a value exists in the sequence like string, list, etc. or not.

The value of x is 9 and list1 = [5,7,9,11,13]

Operator	Meaning	Example	Result
In	Returns true if value found in a sequence	x in list1	True
not in	Returns true if value not found in a sequence	x not in list1	False

Bitwise Operator

Python bitwise operators are used to perform bitwise calculations on integers. The integers are converted into binary format and then operations are performed bit by bit, hence the name bitwise operators. Python bitwise operators work on integers only and the final output is returned in the decimal format.