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Components of Computer Network


Components of a network

Component means parts, through which the network is made up of, some of them are:
  • Modem – Modem is a device which helps the computer to send the data over networks. Usually the data is transmitted from one place to another place in the form of analog signal, but the computer processes digital data so the modem helps to convert this digital data into analog signal and send this data through telephone line or with the help of some other media. The word modem is derived from the term modulator and demodulator which mean to modulate the digital signal to analog signal and demodulate the analog to digital signal.
  • Network Interface Card – A network interface card connects your computer to a network or the Internet. It is a circuit board installed in a computer. It is also called network interface controller, network adapter or LAN adapter. We connect to network with a unique id called MAC id (Media Access Control), we get this MAC id from the ROM chip which is somehow attached with this NIC. You can say that our phone has inbuilt modem and NIC.
  • Hub – Hub is a device used to connect two or more computers in a network. Hub transfers the data from one computer to another computer in a network. But there is a disadvantage of hub, suppose that you have connected four computers in a network and we have named the computer with PC1, PC2, PC3 and PC4. If we want to send data from PC1 to PC4, it will not only send data to PC4 but PC3 and PC2 will also receive the same data which was send from PC1.
  • Switch – Switch is also a device used to connect two or more computers in a network. The basic difference between hub and switch is that hub broadcasts the data to each and every device attached to it whereas switch only sends the data to that specific device in the network. So how switch identifies the device in the network? Switch has the MAC id of that target computer to which data have to be sent.
  • Routers – Routers are a device which is used to connect two different networks.  Routers can be wired or wireless. You can connect your computer, laptop or mobile to the router through the LAN cable or wifi. The main work of router is to reroute the data from one device to another or over a network.



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  1. IRIS EDUCATION14 April 2020 at 11:42

    If you have any doubt then ask in comment section, I will answer all your doubt in the group.

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